December 10, 2018: We can’t be complacent as hate crimes increase

By Michael Regenstreif

When Prime Minister Justin Trudeau rose in the House of Commons on November 7 to offer Canada’s apology for turning away Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany on board the MS St. Louis in 1939 – 254 of whom were ultimately murdered in the Holocaust after the ship returned to Europe – he offered a chilling statistic about antisemitism in today’s Canada:

“According to the most recent figures, 17 per cent of all hate crimes in Canada target Jewish people. Far higher per capita than any other group,” he said.

Trudeau noted manifestations of antisemitism including Holocaust denial, graffiti attacks on Jewish institutions, BDS-related intimidation on college and university campuses, and said, “Discrimination and violence against Jewish people in Canada and around the world continues at an alarming rate.”

While Trudeau’s apology was scheduled well in advance to take place just before the 80th anniversary of Kristallnacht, the anti-Jewish pogrom in Nazi Germany and Austria that signalled the start of the Holocaust, it also took place while Jewish communities around the world were in shock from the antisemitic Shabbat morning massacre at Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh in which 11 worshippers were murdered – the single worst case of antisemitic violence in American history.

Trudeau pledged to bolster the Security Infrastructure Program so that synagogues and other places at risk for hate crimes are better protected.

“We must guard our communities and institutions against the kinds of evils that took hold in the hearts of so many more than 70 years ago, for they did not end with the war,” he said.

On November 29, three weeks after Trudeau spoke in Parliament, Statistics Canada released its report on police-reported hate crimes for 2017 and the figure for antsemitic hate crimes had actually worsened from the earlier statistic the prime minister quoted.

Hate crimes against Jews accounted for 18 per cent of all hate crimes reported to police in Canada in 2017 (while Jews represent only about one per cent of Canada’s population). Ontario and British Columbia were the provinces with the largest increases of hate crimes against Jews.

By contrast, hate crimes against Muslims accounted for 17 per cent of all hate crimes reported to police in Canada in 2017, while there are about three times as many Muslims than Jews in Canada. It must be noted that the single worst hate crime in Canada in 2017 was the massacre at the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City when six worshippers mere murdered and 19 others were wounded.

Other groups that suffered from significant numbers of police-reported hate crimes in 2017 included Black Canadians (16 per cent) and the LGBTQ community (10 per cent).

While Canada is one of the world’s most enlightened and highly educated countries, it is clear that antisemitism and other forms of irrational hatred have not disappeared in the decades since the Holocaust and civil rights movement – that the situation continues to worsen.

In response to the latest figures from Statistics Canada, Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs (CIJA) CEO Shimon Koffler Fogel released a statement expressing alarm about the “spike in hate crimes against the Jewish community and other groups in Canada. It is disturbing to think an antisemitic hate crime takes place every 24 hours in our country. History demonstrates that those who target Jews and other minorities pose a threat to society as a whole. All Canadians should be vigilant in standing against hate.”

The CIJA statement went on to call on the federal government to expand the Security Infrastructure Program to cover training costs; to develop a national strategy to combat online hate; and to increase the capacity of law enforcement agencies to combat hate crimes – including enhancing measures against hate speech.

CIJA began a campaign on the first night of Chanukah urging members of the Jewish community to contact the federal government in support of those proposals. It is important that we must not be complacent.

Update to previous column

My November 26 column (written on November 16) discussed the fragility of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s governing coalition after former defence minister Avigdor Liberman took his Yisrael Beiteinu party out of the coalition with several other ministers and parties threatening to follow suit. The other parties – most notably Education Minister Naftali Bennett’s Jewish Home – backed down, thus preserving the coalition’s slim majority, now at 61 of the Knesset’s 120 seats, for the time being.

November 26, 2018: Is a sea change imminent in Israeli politics?

By Michael Regenstreif

As I write this column – on November 16 – Israel’s coalition government headed by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of the Likud party, appears to be on the verge of collapse.

The latest crisis for the coalition began on November 14 when defence minister Avigdor Liberman, leader of the Yisrael Beiteinu party, resigned his post in protest over the cabinet’s decision to accept a ceasefire with the terrorist groups in the Gaza Strip after a round of fighting that saw close to 500 rockets fired at southern Israel in a 25-hour period.

The fighting saw one Israeli military officer – identified only as Lt.-Col. M. – killed during an Israel Defense Forces raid into Gaza. Ironically, the only civilian killed in Israel was Mahmoud Abu Asbah, a Palestinian from the West Bank who was in Ashkelon with a permit to work in Israel. However, there was significant damage and numerous injuries – some of them serious – to Israelis from the rockets.

Many residents in Israel’s south objected to the ceasefire, but Netanyahu defended it.

“At these moments, leadership is not to do the easy thing; leadership is to do the right thing, even if it is difficult. Leadership is sometimes facing criticism when you know confidential and sensitive information that you cannot share with the citizens of Israel, and in this case with the residents of the south, whom I love and appreciate greatly,” said the prime minister, who assumed the role of defence minister himself.

Netanyahu also serves as Israel’s foreign minister – so one person now holds a monopoly on three of the most important and demanding positions in Israel’s government.

Liberman was one of four cabinet ministers who opposed the ceasefire. The others were Justice Minister Ayelet Shaked of the Jewish Home party, Education Minister Naftali Bennett, leader of Jewish Home, and Environmental Protection Minister Zeev Elkin of Likud.

As he resigned from cabinet, Liberman pulled Yisrael Beiteinu’s five Knesset members from the coalition leaving Netanyahu with a slim 61-seat majority.

After the resignation, Bennett demanded he be appointed defence minister and reportedly threatened to pull Jewish Home’s eight Knesset seats from the coalition if the demand was not met. That would leave the coalition in minority status with just 53 seats.

As I write, I’ve just seen reports that Netanyahu concluded a meeting with Bennett and rejected his demand for the defence ministry.

While that would seem to set the stage for a collapse of the coalition, Netanyahu’s office released a statement saying he “has confidence in the sense of responsibility of cabinet ministers not to make the historic error of toppling a right-wing government.”

But that remains to be seen. Israeli coalitions are usually fractious and often fall before the end of a four-year mandate. Even before the Netanyahu-Bennett meeting, Justice Minister Shaked, also of Jewish Home, said, “This week will decide whether we’re headed to elections or whether the cabinet will continue until November 2019,” presumably in reference to Bennett’s demand for the defence portfolio.

There are also reports that Finance Minister Moshe Kahlon, leader of the Kulanu party which holds 10 seats, and Interior Minister Aryeh Deri, leader of the Shas party which holds seven seats, are calling for new elections – although neither, at least so far, has threatened to quit the coalition.

So, as I mentioned in my opening paragraph, Netanyahu’s coalition appears to be on the verge of collapse. By the time you read this column, we might well know whether early elections will be called in Israel. If not by then, then probably soon after.

And complicating the scenario are three corruption investigations into Netanyahu recently completed by Israeli police. We do know that police have recommended that he be indicted in at least two of the cases. News reports last month suggested Attorney General Avichai Mandelblit was likely to decide on whether to proceed with indictments in the first four months of 2019.

The Israeli public opinion polls I saw about a month ago indicated Likud was on track to win the most Knesset seats in the next election. But that was before the latest Gaza skirmishes and the ceasefire that seems to be leading toward the coalition’s collapse – and before Netanyahu’s possible indictment on corruption charges.

Will the coming months bring a sea change to Israeli politics and government? Stay tuned!

November 12, 2018: Jewish communities everywhere were devastated

By Michael Regenstreif

The calm of Shabbat morning services was shattered on October 27 when a man burst into the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh shouting, “All these Jews need to die!” He opened fire with an AR-15 assault rifle and three Glock .357 handguns killing 11 worshippers – ranging in age from 54 to 97 – and wounding two others; and also wounding four of the police officers who responded to 911 calls from the scene.

The tragedy – which the Anti-Defamation League said was the worst antisemitic attack in American history – devastated both the local Jewish community in Pittsburgh and every Jewish community around the world.

In the days following the massacre, vigils and memorial gatherings were held in almost every Jewish community – large and small. Here in Ottawa, a quickly-arranged memorial gathering the next evening filled the Soloway Jewish Community Centre to capacity. The anguish felt by all us present that Sunday night was palpable – and it was no different in other Jewish communities far and near.

The grief that virtually all of us feel over this incident is very personal. Although the murders took place in Pittsburgh, and although most of us didn’t know any of the 11 victims personally, it really could have happened almost anywhere. All of us know people like Joyce Fienberg, Richard Gottfried, Rose Mallinger, Jerry Rabinowitz, Cecil Rosenthal, David Rosenthal, Bernice Simon, Sylvan Simon, Daniel Stein, Melvin Wax and Irving Younger.

Or we understand that there are rarely as many as six degrees of separation in the Jewish world. Dena Libman, who spoke poignantly at the Ottawa gathering was a cousin of Joyce Fienberg – who grew up in Toronto. And Leslie Kaufman, vice-president of corporate services for the Jewish Federation of Ottawa, grew up in the Squirrel Hill neighbourhood of Pittsburgh, within walking distance of Tree of Life, and knew or knew of some of the victims – or, in some cases, knew their children.

Yes, this horrible incident could have happened almost anywhere – not just in the United States where so much of the political discourse has become so hateful and where there is such easy and unfettered access to guns.

Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland, speaking in Israel on November 1, just five days after the Pittsburgh massacre, told the Israel Council on Foreign Relations, “I am sad to say that Jewish people are the religious group in Canada most likely to be targeted for hate crimes – whether vandalism, graffiti, hate propaganda or racist online commentary. Last year, in my own constituency of University-Rosedale in Toronto, the Miles Nadal Jewish Community Centre faced a bomb threat.”

Here in Ottawa, the memories of the antisemitic graffiti spree that targeted several synagogues, the Jewish Community Campus, and a home in the Glebe used by a Jewish prayer and study group, two years ago this month, are still strong. And on November 1, less than a week after the Pittsburgh attack, posters reading “It’s okay to be white,” celebrating the racist and antisemitic white nationalist movement, were put up in downtown Ottawa.

And in Montreal, police charged a man with making death threats after allegedly writing (in French) that he would “eliminate Jews by killing a whole Jewish girls’ school. That’s not a threat, it’s a promise!” That threat was made on the Facebook page of the Journal de Montréal, the largest-circulation French-language newspaper in Canada, and it remained on the Facebook page for 24 hours before it was removed.

And deadly violence against religious minorities has happened recently in Canada. Last year a gunman entered a mosque, the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City, where he murdered six worshippers and injured 19 more.

Although Ottawa Police Services Chief Charles Bordeleau, speaking at the Ottawa gathering, reassured the community that there was currently no heightened threat of antisemitic violence in the city, the Pittsburgh tragedy and other recent events mentioned here are reminders that all of us must always be vigilant as we go about our daily lives.

Of course, antisemitism is not a new phenomenon. November is Holocaust Education Month in Ottawa and there are numerous remembrance and educational events that already have and will take place this month marking the Shoah, when six million Jews were murdered, a period that ended only 73 years ago.

During Holocaust Education Month, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is scheduled to rise in the House of Commons on November 7 – a date that falls in between when this issue of the Ottawa Jewish Bulletin goes to press and when it arrives in subscribers’ homes, and a date that falls just before the 80th anniversary of Kristallnacht – to offer the government’s apology for Canada’s refusal to admit 937 Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany on board the MS St. Louis in 1939 (Cuba and the United States also refused to admit the refugees). The ship – the so-called “voyage of the damned” – was forced to return to Europe where 254 of the passengers were ultimately murdered in Nazi death camps.

While the 11 antisemitic murders in Pittsburgh broke the hearts of all Jews everywhere, they also brought us together. “We are all members of the same family,” Dena Libman reminded us at the Ottawa gathering, where rabbis from all of the Jewish denominations stood and prayed together.

And the murders also showed us we are not alone as we saw support and love expressed by so many other communities. In Pittsburgh, for example, Muslim groups quickly raised the funds needed to pay for the funerals of the Jewish victims.

Yes, as Leslie Kaufman wrote, this has been a time “to mourn, to remember, to take comfort in the kindness of friends and neighbours.”