May 27, 2019: Fighting hate crimes in Ottawa – and online

 By Michael Regenstreif

“The Ottawa Police Service hate crime unit is investigating incidents of antisemitic graffiti at Ottawa’s two largest synagogues and at a home in the Glebe neighbourhood used as a Jewish Renewal prayer and study centre,” was the lede to the front page story I wrote for the November 28, 2016 edition of the Ottawa Jewish Bulletin.

The reason I referred to that article was that reports surfaced this month questioning the very existence of the Ottawa Police Service (OPS) hate crime unit – and even whether it ever actually existed.

Early this month, a black family’s home in Ottawa was spray-painted with disgusting racist graffiti. According to CBC reporter Amanda Pfeffer, when CBC News asked if the hate crime unit was investigating the case, the police spokesperson said the unit had been “retired.”

Pfeffer reports that a follow-up statement by Superintendent Chris Renwick of the criminal investigations directorate said, “The Ottawa Police Service does not have a Hate Crime Unit, in fact we never had a dedicated investigative unit for hate crimes.”

Renwick added that criminal acts “motivated by hate are assigned and investigated by our General Assignment Units (GAS).... Our Security and Intelligence Section (SIS) can offer investigative support to the GAS investigators during an investigation [into a crime] which is motivated by hate or extremism.”

And in yet a further clarification, Renwick explained that a constable’s position was created in the in the 1990s “to address hate crimes,” but that the position “has an intelligence focus and not an investigative one.”

According to Pfeffer, “that appears to contradict specific references to a hate crime unit in public statements and media reports dating back years, including a reference on the OPS website and in an internal policy document obtained by CBC.”

As of this writing, the OPS website still includes a hate crime unit information page.

Also, according to Pfeffer, “several police sources tell CBC the hate crime unit did exist, but has not had dedicated officers assigned to it in more than a year.”

Finally, after several days of confusion, Interim OPS Chief Steve Bell told CBC News that the hate crime unit was “renamed or moved over to the Security and Intelligence” section in January 2017.

Although Bell noted that OPS takes hate crimes seriously, he admitted “you go to our website and it directs you to a hate crime unit, and we actually don’t have that specific entity.”

The confusion and contradictions about the hate crime unit is unacceptable. Hate crimes have been on the increase in Canada and around the world and Jews are the most targeted minority in many places. Dedicated police units with specific expertise in preventing and investigating hate crimes can be an important component in helping minority communities at risk feel secure in contemporary society.

The Internet and social media, which provide great opportunities for people of common interests to come together, also provide opportunities for hate-mongers to spread their beliefs. The most heinous hate crimes in recent years have included murderous attacks on two synagogues in the U.S. and on mosques in Canada and New Zealand, and the killers in these cases have been shown to be active on social media sites – the gunman in the Christchurch mosque attack in March even livestreamed part of his killing spree on Facebook.

To begin a concerted international effort to combat online hate, the leaders of many major countries, including Canada, New Zealand, France, the United Kingdom and the European Union met in a “Christchurch Call” summit in Paris this month that also included representatives of Google, Microsoft, Twitter and several other tech companies.

These leaders and companies are well aware of the scope and magnitude of the problem. As Shimon Koffler Fogel, CEO of the Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs, noted in a statement commending Canada’s participation in this effort, “Online radicalization has quickly become one of the most urgent and complex challenges facing security officials. As demonstrated in recent attacks on synagogues in Pittsburgh and Poway, as well as the attack on mosques in Christchurch, there is a clear link between online radicalization and real-world violence.”

Sadly, the Trump administration in the United States has declined to participate in this international effort.

May 6, 2019: Hate crime or not, it was a tragic case

By Michael Regenstreif

On the night of Thursday, April 18, police in Winnipeg, Manitoba, responded to a call at what was described in reports as “a kosher restaurant.”

A woman inside the BerMax Caffé and Bistro had allegedly been assaulted during a robbery attempt – later reports identified the alleged victim as one of the café’s owners. The restaurant appeared to have been badly vandalized and the word “Jew” was spray-painted on windows and in the parking lot, and swastikas were spray-painted on the walls.

The police opened a hate crime investigation into the incident. Reports said this was the fourth antisemitic incident at this restaurant in the past five months. The case was widely reported in both mainstream and Jewish media around the world – we published several JTA reports about it on the Ottawa Jewish Bulletin website.

Six days later, police laid charges in the case. And, no, the alleged culprits were not extremist right-wing hate-mongers or left-wing anti-Zionism zealots. The police charged the owners of the café – Alexander and Oxana Berent and their son, Maxim – with staging the incident.

Although the charge was public mischief, the word “mischief” sounds almost benign in a case that Winnipeg Police Service Chief Danny Smyth said was a serious waste of police resources.

“Over 25 officers have invested nearly 1,000 hours through a busy holiday weekend trying to bring this investigation to a close,” the chief said.

At this point, I think it’s important to interject with a couple of caveats.

The first is that the alleged suspects must be given a presumption of innocence unless and until they are convicted in a court of law. That is why we use the word “alleged” in advance of a conviction.

For their part, the owners have denied they staged the incident. “We don’t joke about swastikas on our walls,” Oxana Berent told Manitoba CBC Radio. “My grandmother’s family, they died in the Holocaust. Just her and her little brother survived, the whole family. We don’t joke about that.”

The second caveat is that the BerMax Caffé and Bistro should not be referred to as a “kosher restaurant.” According to a report in the Canadian Jewish News, “BerMax had been operating as a kosher restaurant until last fall, when the family chose to drop its kosher certification, citing higher costs and losing business due to being closed on Shabbat.”

Hate crimes are serious. Whether involving mass murder as we have heartbreakingly seen all too recently at the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh, and at mosques in Quebec City and Christchurch, New Zealand, or in the series of antisemitic and racist graffiti attacks we witnessed here in Ottawa in November 2016, such crimes hit us hard as a community, and as individuals.

So, to hear that a Jewish family allegedly staged an antisemitic attack on their own business is deeply disturbing (and, reportedly, Winnipeg Police are now investigating the possibility that the previous antisemitic incidents at BerMax were also allegedly staged).

When the latest incident at the restaurant was first reported, the Jewish community in Winnipeg rallied their support behind the Berent family. The broader community responded as well: an interfaith rally of support was scheduled to be held on April 25 but was cancelled after news of the charges were made public.

But the feelings of many were captured in a statement released by the Jewish Federation of Winnipeg on April 24: “Antisemitism is growing globally and here in Canada. This is why we were alarmed by the alleged incident at BerMax Caffé and were grateful for the diligent response of the Winnipeg Police Service and outpouring of support from the broader community.

“We are shocked and deeply disturbed by today’s news. It is deplorable that anyone would make false allegations of antisemitism, especially claims of such a serious nature, for any kind of gain.

“Filing false complaints of criminal acts of antisemitism are not only illegal, they undermine the important work necessary to counter antisemitism and hate in all forms. We reiterate our appreciation of the work of the Winnipeg Police Service and their continued support for the Jewish community.”

Despite this sad turn of events, we must remain vigilant in the face of real antisemitism, and all other forms of hatred. And no matter how this case is resolved, there is no doubt that lives have been ruined – and that is tragic.

December 10, 2018: We can’t be complacent as hate crimes increase

By Michael Regenstreif

When Prime Minister Justin Trudeau rose in the House of Commons on November 7 to offer Canada’s apology for turning away Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany on board the MS St. Louis in 1939 – 254 of whom were ultimately murdered in the Holocaust after the ship returned to Europe – he offered a chilling statistic about antisemitism in today’s Canada:

“According to the most recent figures, 17 per cent of all hate crimes in Canada target Jewish people. Far higher per capita than any other group,” he said.

Trudeau noted manifestations of antisemitism including Holocaust denial, graffiti attacks on Jewish institutions, BDS-related intimidation on college and university campuses, and said, “Discrimination and violence against Jewish people in Canada and around the world continues at an alarming rate.”

While Trudeau’s apology was scheduled well in advance to take place just before the 80th anniversary of Kristallnacht, the anti-Jewish pogrom in Nazi Germany and Austria that signalled the start of the Holocaust, it also took place while Jewish communities around the world were in shock from the antisemitic Shabbat morning massacre at Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh in which 11 worshippers were murdered – the single worst case of antisemitic violence in American history.

Trudeau pledged to bolster the Security Infrastructure Program so that synagogues and other places at risk for hate crimes are better protected.

“We must guard our communities and institutions against the kinds of evils that took hold in the hearts of so many more than 70 years ago, for they did not end with the war,” he said.

On November 29, three weeks after Trudeau spoke in Parliament, Statistics Canada released its report on police-reported hate crimes for 2017 and the figure for antsemitic hate crimes had actually worsened from the earlier statistic the prime minister quoted.

Hate crimes against Jews accounted for 18 per cent of all hate crimes reported to police in Canada in 2017 (while Jews represent only about one per cent of Canada’s population). Ontario and British Columbia were the provinces with the largest increases of hate crimes against Jews.

By contrast, hate crimes against Muslims accounted for 17 per cent of all hate crimes reported to police in Canada in 2017, while there are about three times as many Muslims than Jews in Canada. It must be noted that the single worst hate crime in Canada in 2017 was the massacre at the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City when six worshippers mere murdered and 19 others were wounded.

Other groups that suffered from significant numbers of police-reported hate crimes in 2017 included Black Canadians (16 per cent) and the LGBTQ community (10 per cent).

While Canada is one of the world’s most enlightened and highly educated countries, it is clear that antisemitism and other forms of irrational hatred have not disappeared in the decades since the Holocaust and civil rights movement – that the situation continues to worsen.

In response to the latest figures from Statistics Canada, Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs (CIJA) CEO Shimon Koffler Fogel released a statement expressing alarm about the “spike in hate crimes against the Jewish community and other groups in Canada. It is disturbing to think an antisemitic hate crime takes place every 24 hours in our country. History demonstrates that those who target Jews and other minorities pose a threat to society as a whole. All Canadians should be vigilant in standing against hate.”

The CIJA statement went on to call on the federal government to expand the Security Infrastructure Program to cover training costs; to develop a national strategy to combat online hate; and to increase the capacity of law enforcement agencies to combat hate crimes – including enhancing measures against hate speech.

CIJA began a campaign on the first night of Chanukah urging members of the Jewish community to contact the federal government in support of those proposals. It is important that we must not be complacent.

Update to previous column

My November 26 column (written on November 16) discussed the fragility of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s governing coalition after former defence minister Avigdor Liberman took his Yisrael Beiteinu party out of the coalition with several other ministers and parties threatening to follow suit. The other parties – most notably Education Minister Naftali Bennett’s Jewish Home – backed down, thus preserving the coalition’s slim majority, now at 61 of the Knesset’s 120 seats, for the time being.